In recent years, China’s achievements in the development of unmanned vehicles have become a threat towards countries in its surrounding waters. For example, China’s first AI-operated unmanned science vessel (approximately 2,000 tones), Zhu Hai Yun, was launched in May 2022, and was the first science vessel to be able to be controlled remotely as well as self-navigate in open waters. The Zhu Hai Yun is equipped with an AI operation system, is semi-autonomous, and possesses a 3D motion observation function that enables it to precisely map the submarine geomorphology for the People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) and maritime-related units. The Zhu Hai Yun can also serve as a platform for various unmanned vehicles (including unmanned aerial vehicles and underwater vehicles) to carry out coordinated intrusions, thereby seriously threatening the stability and security of the East China Sea, Taiwan Strait, and the South China Sea.

Taking into account the rapid growth of China’s unmanned technologies and technological development, alongside the expanding applications of its unmanned maritime and underwater vehicles, we are facing looming threat. Furthermore, Taiwan Coast Guard’s current Radar information systems is unable to monitor unmanned underwater vehicles, it is truly an issue that need to be solved. This research has collected information on the advanced technologies of unmanned maritime and underwater vehicles of China and other main countries, focus on the development, strategies, and technological applications in China’s unmanned maritime and underwater vehicles priorly. In addition, this research has also proposed practical countermeasures such as the “monitoring and management” of the threat presented by China’s unmanned maritime vehicles, early warning mechanisms, and the study to formulate specific plans in the mid to long term. This is meant to enhance the ability of related units to counter China’s unmanned maritime and underwater vehicles.